Abstract

In this paper we explore the effect of the orientation of the main crystallographic axes in relaxor-ferroelectric single crystals (SCs) on the piezoelectric anisotropy and squared figures of merit of 2–2 parallel-connected SC/auxetic polymer composites. The single-crystal component for the composite is chosen from the perovskite-type solid solutions with compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary and poled along the perovskite unit-cell [011] direction (mm 2 symmetry of domain-engineered SCs). The orientation of the main crystallographic axes in the single-crystal component is observed to strongly influence the piezoelectric coefficients $$d_{3j}^{*}$$ , squared figures of merit $$d_{3j}^{*}$$ $$g_{3j}^{*}$$ , electromechanical coupling factors $$k_{3j}^{*}$$ , and hydrostatic analogs of these parameters of the 2–2 composite. Inequalities $$| {d_{33}^{*} /d_{3f}^{*} } | > 5$$ and $$| {k_{33}^{*} /k_{3f}^{*} } | > 5$$ (f = 1 and 2) are achieved at specific orientations of the main crystallographic axes due to the significant anisotropy of the elastic and piezoelectric properties of the single-crystal component. The use of an auxetic polyethylene (a polymer component with a negative Poisson’s ratio) leads to a significant increase in the hydrostatic parameters. Particular advantages of such composites over conventional ceramic/polymer composites are taken into account for transducer, hydroacoustic, energy harvesting, and other applications.

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