Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug in the world. Increase use of marijuana had caused higher rates of cannabis-related adverse effects. This study aims to assess the cannabis use as an etiology of acute pancreatitis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the de-identified data from the national health database, the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). We identified the hospital encounters for “cannabis use” using international classification of Diseases (ICD-9) diagnostic codes from 2011 to 2014. We assessed the incidence of acute pancreatitis in cannabis use patients and independent predictors of acute pancreatitis by multivariate analysis. P-values less than 0.05 indicated a statistically significant association. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were also calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: A total of 410385 cannabis use admissions were identified - 5469 (1.3%) acute pancreatitis with history of cannabis use (study group) and 404916 (98.7%) without acute pancreatitis in cannabis use population (control group). Comparing study group with control group, age - mean with standard deviation 39.8 + 11.81 yrs vs. 36.09 + 14.05 (P < 0.001) , sex - male 3901 (71.3%) vs. 252486 (62.4%) (P < 0.0001, Odds ratio [OR] = 1.50, Confidence interval (CI); 1.41–1.59), race - African American 1765 (32.3%) vs. 113524 (28%) (P < 0.0001, OR = 1.22, CI; 1.15–1.30), smoking 3909 (71.5%) vs. 222558 (55%) (P < 0.0001, OR = 2.05, CI; 1.93–2.18), Alcohol 1959 (35.8%) vs. 54876 (13.6%) (P < 0.0001, OR = 3.56, CI; 3.37–3.77), acute pancreatitis 5469 (1.3%) vs. 4334 (0.7%) OR = 1.80 CI 1.73–1.87, P < 0.001). The odds of developing acute pancreatitis among cannabis use patient was significantly higher (P < 0.001, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.20, CI; 1.14–1.25) (shown in Figure 1). CONCLUSION: This study showed that up to 20% increased likelihood of acute pancreatitis among the cannabis use patients. Older age, male sex, African American race, alcohol, smoking and cannabis use showed greater odds of developing acute pancreatitis.
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