Abstract
This chapter focuses on the generation of correlated and entangled photons in a telecom band using Kerr nonlinearity in dispersion-shifted fiber. Tailorable dispersion properties in microstructure fibers have allowed phase matching and entanglement to be obtained over a wide range of wavelengths. Two important features of QM are the superposition principle and the ensuing quantum entanglement. The former allows a quantum mechanical system to be in any state spanned by the basis vectors of its Hilbert space. Microstructure or holey fibers (MFs) allow phase matching to be obtained over a wide range of wavelengths because of their tailorable dispersion properties. Generation of correlated and entangled photons in MFs is demonstrated. Fiber nonlinearity as a source for correlated photons, quantum theory of four-wave mixing in optical fiber, fiber nonlinearity as a source for entangled photons, and high-fidelity entanglement with cooled fiber and degenerate photon pairs for quantum logic in the telecom band are also discussed.
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