208. Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Septic Shock in Patients with Pyometra: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study

Abstract

Abstract Background Pyometra is a disease of pus collection in the uterine cavity. The clinical characteristics and etiology of pyometra have not been well-described. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics, epidemiology, outcomes, and risk factors of septic shock in patients with pyometra. Methods The study population was selected from adult patients (≥ 18 years old) diagnosed with the International Classification of Diseases 10th code for inflammatory disease of the uterus (N71) in four academic hospitals between 2010 and 2021. Only patients with definitive pus collection in the uterus confirmed by imaging tests were included. Intra-or post-partum infection and surgical site infection were excluded. The primary endpoint was all-cause 28-day mortality, and the secondary endpoint was a 1-year recurrence. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared among patients with or without septic shock. Results Among 406 patients diagnosed with the N71 code, 193 patients were classified as pyometra. 28-day all-cause mortality was 5.0%, and the 1-year recurrence rate was 6.1%. The median patient age was 74.5 years. The most common symptom was abdominal pain (48.7%) and vaginal discharge (48.2%). The most common pathogens isolated from culture were Escherichia coli (39.9%), Streptococcus spp.(16.6%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae(16.0%) and isolated from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were Mycoplasma spp., and Ureaplasma spp. Patients with septic shock were older and have a shorter interval between symptom onset (or discovery) and diagnosis. These patients had larger pyometra diameters, more frequent uterine perforation, more dementia, and were more frequently referred from long-term care facilities. The 28-survival rate was lower in patients with septic shock (72.8%) than without septic shock (98.7%, P < 0.001) Conclusion Our study suggested pyometra is a unique gynecological infectious syndrome in post-menopausal women. The most common pathogen was similar to pathogens causing urinary tract infections. Risk factors with septic shock suggested that decreased cognitive functions could delay early diagnosis of pyometra, and lead to more septic shock and higher mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures