Abstract
Objectives: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been introduced to treat tumors. However, this therapy is a time-consuming procedure; destructing a deeper volume is also difficult as ultrasonic energy attenuates exponentially with increasing depth in tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether microbubbles enhanced tissue ablation by HIFU. Methods: Liver tissues of the rabbit and of the goat were ablated using HIFU. Single linear scan was adopted in the rabbit, and destructing a volume with a regime for the clinical tumor therapy was performed in the goat. The microbubble agent was intravenously administrated before focused ultrasound exposure. Necrosis rate (mm3/s), which was the volume of necrosis tissue per 1 second HIFU exposure, was used to judge the ablation efficiency. Pathological examinations were performed to determine whether there were residual intact tissues within the exposed volume. Results: NR was increased either in the rabbit (0.0570 ÷ 0.0433 versus 0.0120 ÷ 0.0122, p = 0.0002) or in the goat (14.4647 ÷ 4.1960 versus 33.5302 ÷ 12.4484, p = 0.0059). The use of microbubbles could also realize ablating a deeper volume. Histological examinations confirmed the target volume was destructed completely. Conclusions: Microbubbles could be used to assist in HIFU tissue ablation.
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