Abstract
Salivary gland tumors are a rare tumor entity within malignant tumors of all tissues. The most common are malignant mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and acinic cell carcinoma. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most recurrent form of benign salivary gland tumor. Due to their low incidence rates and complex histological patterns, they are difficult to diagnose accurately. Malignant tumors of the salivary glands are challenging in terms of differentiation because of their variability in histochemistry and translocations. Therefore, the primary goal of the study was to review the current literature to identify the recent developments in histochemical diagnostics and translocations for differentiating salivary gland tumors.
Highlights
Salivary gland tumors are rare neoplasias of the head and neck that have an annual incidence of 7.03 to 8.58/100,000 [1]
Based on the known entities, it can be highlighted that epithelial salivary gland tumors consist of 10 benign and 23 malignant subtypes, which are the most commonly prevailing in daily clinical life [3]
This emphasizes that diagnostic markers vary in terms of the type of salivary gland tumor and are used in different forms for accurate diagnosis
Summary
Salivary gland tumors are rare neoplasias of the head and neck that have an annual incidence of 7.03 to 8.58/100,000 [1]. Based on the known entities, it can be highlighted that epithelial salivary gland tumors consist of 10 benign and 23 malignant subtypes, which are the most commonly prevailing in daily clinical life [3]. The primary problem lies in diagnosing a salivary gland tumor, as it is a relatively uncommon form of lesion with wide variations in histological and biological aspects [4]. These tumors have a significant morphological diversity with multiple overlapping features and low incidence rates [5]. The research elaborates the present situation of the scientific research in immunohistochemistry with paraffin-embedded slides and translocation with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
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