2018–2022年青海省主要湖泊蓄水量时空变化数据集

Abstract

Qinghai Province is an important ecological function area, which is located in the inland of Northwest China. Qinghai Province is abundant in the total amount of water resource, but the spatial-temporal distribution of water resource in Qinghai Province is extremely uneven. Moreover, due to the factors such as climate and geographical environment, most lakes lack monitoring for a long time. As a significant carrier of surface water resource, lakes are important indicators for studying the impact of climate change and human activities on the water cycle process. The domestic GF-1 and GF-6 satellites have the ability to observe the earth repeatedly for a period of 2 days by collaborating, thus the surface water area can be obtained at high frequency. A high-precision surface water level can be acquired by ICESat-2, which has centimeter-level height measurement accuracy. The water area derived from GF-1/6 and water level derived from ICESat-2 were adopted to build the models for monitoring spatial-temporal variation of water storage of lakes in Qinghai Province. We developed a dataset of spatial-temporal variation of lake water storage in Qinghai Province during 2018–2022 via the models. The monitoring accuracy of the dataset had been verified with an overall accuracy better than 93%, which meets the needs of remote sensing monitoring of spatial-temporal variation of lake water storage. The dataset contains a total of 60 monthly storage variation of 33 lakes an area of more than 30 km2 in Qinghai Province during 2018–2022. These lakes are mainly distributed in the west, north and southeast of Qinghai Province. The dataset can provide basic data support for lake, hydrological and climate change process monitoring, dynamic evaluation of water resources, and optimization of water resources management and scheduling in Qinghai Province.