Abstract
The most convenient way of obtaining steady-state solutions to the kinetic equations of a branched or multicyclic system in terms of the thermodynamic forces and flows is to use the diagram method of Hill. This chapter describes the force-flow relationships and the linear domain that emerge from such an approach and the application of these relationships to the problems of bioenergetics. The model used to study the pattern of flow-force relationships that a representative two-flow coupled process can generate, and the properties of the regions of approximate linearity. In this model the substrate-product conversion is assumed to be very fast, as has been found experimentally for the mitochondrial ATPase. In addition, linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics can be applied to these multicyclic systems. Assuming symmetrical and proportional phenomenological equations, the affinity of the driving reaction, as well as the degree of coupling, has been calculated from the slopes and intercepts of the linear relationships between the flows and electrochemical potential difference.
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