Abstract
A slow-light Bragg reflector waveguide optical modulator is designed and optimized for operations with a large modulation bandwidth and ultra-low power consumption. Devices with various modulator lengths are fabricated and characterized. Extinction ratios over 15 and 30 dB are obtained with reverse bias voltages below 1 and 1.5 V, respectively. In a 20 µm long modulator, a 3 dB modulation bandwidth exceeds 20 GHz with a bias voltage of only −600 mV. The total energy consumption of the modulator is estimated to be lower than 100 fJ/bit, including both the load and dynamic power dissipations.
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