20세기 초반 서구 학자들의 중국회화사 정점기 규정

Abstract

Most Chinese painting histories written in the West in the early 20th century define the Tang and Song dynasties, especially the Song dynasty, as the pinnacle of Chinese art. In general, the rules of canon in art history are agreed upon by the interaction between academic achievements and art mechanisms such as art museums, art markets, and art education. However, in the early 20th century, Chinese art was not sufficiently distributed or educated in Western society. Therefore, understanding how scholars’ viewpoints were formed under these conditions is an example of what the discipline of art history depends on in a specific situation.<BR> Japan was the first country to publish the history of Chinese art, including the history of Chinese painting. What is noteworthy is the fact that the viewpoint of Japanese academics has changed from Tang-Song in the late Meiji period to the Yuan zenith theory of the early Taisho period, and there was a political intention behind this background. Although Western researchers had no political intentions, they were greatly influenced by Japanese publications such as Histoire de l’art du Japon and the Japanese and English versions of Kokka . Accordingly, in the early Chinese painting history in the West, the view of the Song dynasty as the apex was dominant. And it is inferred that the reason why the Yuan zenith theory was not accepted in the West was due to Western art history which viewed the Renaissance as the apex, and the prejudice against literati painting. In other words, it can be said that the Western Chinese painting history in the early 20th century was formed by the insufficient data for knowledge accumulation, the cultural power of Japanese art history academia, and the prism of Western art history.