Abstract
A series of medical examinations of 2 cats with anorexia and vomiting revealed polycythemia and kidney swelling. Secondary polycythemia was suspected. Nephrectomy of the enlarged kidneys improved the polycythemia. Histopathological examination of the dissected kidneys led to a diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Erythropoietin levels at the time of initial examination were higher in both animals (case 1:27.0mIU/ml; case 2:27.8mIU/ml) than they are in healthy cats (mean 19.6±4.3mIU/ml). After surgery, erythropoietin levels decreased favorably (case 1:14.5mIU/ml; Case 2:14.5mIU/ml). Clearly reflecting the course of therapy, these results suggest that erythropoietin-level measurements may be useful in the diagnosis of secondary polycythemia.
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