Abstract

The study of economic segmentation has drawn theoretical insights from a great variety of schools of research. This chapter reviews the most important of these traditions as they relate to the topic of economic segmentation, focusing on the dual economy approach—an approach that has emerged as a leading conceptualization of economic segmentation. Based on a synthesis of various themes, the dual economy model posits to the existence of two segregated economies in the United States. This model has been widely used both as a heuristic device and as a theoretical construct, and has helped to focus attention on structural inequalities arising from a differentiated industrial structure. The basic assertion of the dual economy theory is that capitalist development in the 20th century has resulted in the existence of two private economies with differentiated working conditions and labor markets. Dual economic structure interacts with existing demographic and human capital characteristics of the labor force to accentuate inequality.

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