2 - Smart-city infrastructure components

Abstract

Nowadays, with the growth of population and urban amenities, the population of cities, urbanization, and the need for urban infrastructures are increasing. The infrastructures are essential to make cities more efficient and have undeniable effects on cities’ productivity, economy, and security. On the other hand, with the development of digital technologies, their use in different aspects of people’s lives and society’s welfare has increased. What is now called the smart city has been created by the implementation of digital technologies in different aspects of urban management and is considered as one of the pillars of the Industry 4.0. The ultimate goal of smart city is to create a new urban management perspective that focuses on all aspects of urban real life. To this end, this chapter described the main components of the smart-city infrastructure, in the form of social, physical, and digital platforms with 12 domains and 48 main components.