Abstract

This chapter discusses the various techniques of ceramic powder characterization. These characteristics include particle shape, surface area, pore size distribution, powder density and size distribution. Emphasis is placed on particle size distribution, using log-normal distributions, because of its importance in ceramic powder processing. A quantitative method for the comparison of two particle size distributions is presented. In all ceramic raw materials, both natural and synthetic, a powder with a particular chemical formula is the primary objective. Chemical analysis of ceramic powders is performed by many techniques from X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry to the wet chemical methods of titration. After satisfying this primary objective of chemical purity, other powder characteristics are important to optimize the powder to the requirements of the ceramic process in which it may be used. The diversity of these production methods calls for the choice of ceramic powders to be based on different characteristics. Beyond chemical purity, the most important characteristics for subsequent ceramic processing are particle morphology, particle size distribution, and surface chemistry.

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