Abstract
Although biomechanical tendon and ligament tissue properties are being improved during regeneration after rupture, laceration, and tendinopathies (tendinosis and tendinitis), the biomechanical characteristics of healthy native tendons and ligaments should be known in order to compare surgical and rehabilitation outcomes to a baseline. Such baseline values are presented in this chapter for humans as well as for animals. As preclinical studies often use animal models to investigate novel surgical techniques as well as implantation of tissue engineered constructs, there is an inevitable need to choose an appropriate animal model in terms of biomechanics. An overview of rabbit, sheep, mouse, rat, dog, pig, monkey, and horse tendon and ligament models is given and the models are not only discussed in terms of suitability to represent the human situation, they are also compared to each other and with respect to their practicability.
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