Abstract
The use of Yb3+ and Er3+ co-doping with Ho3+ to enhance and broaden the Ho3+: 5I6 → 5I7 ~2.8 μm emissions are investigated in the fluorotellurite-germanate glasses. An intense ~3 μm emission with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 245 nm is achieved in the Er3+/Ho3+/Yb3+ triply-doped fluorotellurite-germanate glass upon excitation at 980 nm. The glass not only possesses considerably low OH− absorption coefficient (0.189 cm−1), but also exhibits low phonon energy (704 cm−1). Moreover, the measured lifetime of Ho3+: 5I6 level is as high as 0.218 ms. In addition, the energy transfer rate to hydroxyl groups and quantum efficiency (η) of 5I6 level were calculated in detail by fitting the variations of lifetimes vs. the OH− concentrations. The formation ability and thermal stability of glasses have been improved by introducing GeO2 into fluorotellurite glasses. Results reveal that Er3+/Ho3+/Yb3+ triply-doped fluorotellurite-germanate glass is a potential kind of laser glass for efficient 3 μm laser.
Highlights
With the rapid development of fiber technology and commercial semiconductor lasers in the past decades, mid-infrared (MIR) solid-state lasers have aroused intense interest for their potential applications in minimally invasive surgery, atmospheric monitoring, remote sensing, and scientific research[1,2,3]
In order to conquer these problems to turn on the probability to acquire ~3 μm lasing from Ho3+, we need (i) a proper sensitizer ion with large absorption cross section for Ho3+ ion, and (ii) an appropriate deactivated ion with efficient depopulation of Ho3+: 5I7 for population inversion
We report broadband 3 μm luminescence from Er3+/Ho3+, Ho3+/Yb3+ codoped and Er3+/ Ho3+/Yb3+ triply-doped fluorotellurite-germanate glasses under a 980 nm laser diode (LD) pump
Summary
Thermal stability is one of the most important properties for glass and fiber drawing, which determines whether the working temperature range of fiber drawing is wide enough. It is higher than that of TeO2-ZnO-Na2O glass system (114 °C)[29], fluoride glass (85 °C)[30], germanate-tellurite (122 °C)[31] and lower that of germanate glass (190 °C)[32], which reveals that introducing GeO2 into fluorotellurite glasses can improve a wide operating temperature range and glass stability against crystal nucleation and growth during the fiber drawing process.
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