2,3-Dichloropyridine solubility in 14 pure solvents: Determination, correlation, Hansen solubility parameter, solvent effect and thermodynamic analysis

Abstract

The solid–liquid equilibrium data of 2,3-dichloropyridine(23DCP) in 14 pure solvents were measured making use of the laser dynamic monitoring at 278.15/283.15/288.15 K − 313.15 K with 0.1 MPa. The findings of this study showed that the solubility increase of 23DCP in 14 pure solvents had a positive relation with temperature, and the solubility order was 1,4-dioxane > dichloromethane > n-butyl acetate > ethyl acetate > methyl acetate > acetonitrile > n-butanol > isobutyl alcohol > n-propanol > isopropanol > ethanol > cyclohexane > methanol > n-hexane. The solubility data of 23DCP was operated by seven models (Van't Hoff, modified Apelblat, λh, Yaws, NRTL, NRTL-SAC, Wilson) to correlate. And the average ARD values were 1.684 %,1.058 %, 1.031 %, 0.905 %, 0.937 %, 1.012 %, 2.062 % and the average 103RMSD values were 1.978, 1.396, 1.542, 1.221, 1.758, 1.658 and 1.883, respectively. In addition, Hansen solubility parameters were well evaluated to appraise the miscibility of 23DCP in 14 pure solvents. And the interactions between molecules were studied by means of molecular electrostatic potential surface, Hirshfeld surface analysis and density functional theory calculation. Finally, according to Van't Hoff equation, ΔsolG°, ΔsolH° and ΔsolS° of 23DCP in 14 pure solvents were got. ΔsolH° and ΔsolS° were bigger than zero, representing that this was a dissolution process of endothermic and entropy increase.