2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNPase) as a target in neurodegenerative diseases

Abstract

We review the structure, characteristics, post-translational modifications, and functioning of 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNPase) localized in the CNS myelin and Schwann cells, as well as previously unknown properties of this protein, which was identified in brain mitochondria. We summarize the data on the localization of CNPase in the cell, the specificity of its substrates, the characteristics of the N- and C-terminals of the molecule, and its interactions with proteins-partners and nucleic acids. We describe the possible role of CNPase in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis, with the main emphasis on the role of mitochondria in these processes.