Abstract
Wheat-rye T1BL.1RS translocation is widespread worldwide as the genes on 1RS arm have positive effect on stress resistance, grain yield and adaptation ability of wheat. Nowadays, the T1BL.1RS wheat cultivars have become susceptible to rust diseases because of the monophyletic (‘Petkus’) origin of 1RS. Here we report and discuss the production and detailed investigation of a new T1BL.1RS translocation line carrying 1RS with widened genetic base originating from Secale cereanum. Line ‘179’ exhibited improved spike morphology traits, resistance against stripe rust and leaf rust, as well as higher tillering capacity, fertility and dietary fiber (arabynoxylan) content than the parental wheat genotype. Comparative analyses based on molecular cytogenetic methods and molecular (SSR and DArTseq) makers indicate that the 1RS arm of line ‘179’ is a recombinant of S. cereale and S. strictum homologues, and approximately 16% of its loci were different from that of ‘Petkus’ origin. 162 (69.5%) 1RS-specific markers were associated with genes, including 10 markers with putative disease resistance functions and LRR domains found on the subtelomeric or pericentromeric regions of 1RS. Line ‘179’ will facilitate the map-based cloning of the resistance genes, and it can contribute to healthy eating and a more cost-efficient wheat production.
Highlights
Interspecific hybridization is one of the most promising way to improve the genetic diversity of bread wheat[1]
Non-starch cell wall polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, which is the main component of dietary fiber (DF) in wheat and rye, provide many health benefits as their insoluble forms decrease the absorption of carcinogens, while soluble DFs reduce the probability of coronary heart disease and type II diabetes
The main goal of the present study was to widen the genetic diversity of the 1RS chromosome arm introgressed into wheat by producing a new, disease resistant T1BL.1RS translocation line deriving from wheat (Mv9kr1) x Secale cereanum (‘Kriszta’) hybrids
Summary
Interspecific hybridization is one of the most promising way to improve the genetic diversity of bread wheat[1]. The perennial rye (S. cereanum) variety Kriszta bred from these hybrids by Kruppa[25] is resistant to leaf rust, stem rust, stripe (yellow) rust and powdery mildew, its winter hardiness and drought tolerance are very good, and has good nutritional parameters including high dietary fiber (DF) content. Because of wheat’s central role in human nutrition, development of varieties with increased DF content is an outstanding goal in breeding programs. Bread making quality, another important aspect of wheat breeding, relates dominantly with the gluten storage proteins, as monomeric gliadins (Gli) determine dough extensibility, while polymeric glutenins (Glu) its elasticity. Incorporation of suitable alleles from rye is a viable way to increase DF content of wheat, but the chromosome mediated gene transfer may modify the composition of storage proteins. A further objectives of this study was to determine whether the ‘Kriszta’ 1RS chromosome arm affects the DF and gluten storage protein content and composition of the parental wheat Mv9kr[1]
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