大葉楠、香楠、杜英及長尾栲三年(1994-1996)的物候現象

Abstract

For understanding the phenology of the main trees in Taiwan's broadleaf forests, several dominant trees of each natural broadleaf forest at 5 research stations of the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute were chosen to qualitatively monitor their phenological behaviors. In this report, we chose to compare the phenological behavior of 4 dominant species among years and sites. The items include: (1) leave bud sprouting and expansion, (2) flower bud sprouting and blossoming, and (3) fruiting, fruit ripening, and fruit dropping. Sample trees were marked at the beginning. Every sample species included 6-10 individuals, and the observation interval was 2 wk. Three-year observation data reveal that the growth patterns of leave buds of Machilus kusanoi and Machilus zuihoensis were very similar among the 5 sites, but with an obvious delay in the time of initial growth from north to south of the island. Two growth seasons were recorded, with the first season starting from December (of the previous year) to May, and the other being very short, immediately after the fruit ripening period. The growth pattern of Castanopsis carlesii differed among 4 sites. Fushan and Hengchun consisted of 1 type, and Liukuei .and Lienhuachih formed another type. The initial growth period of the 2 types showed a 3-mo difference, but the ending period was the same. Only 1 growth season per year was recorded. According to the data, there was an obvious masting cycle in 3 yr with poor fruiting in the Fushan area. The growth patterns of Elaeocarpus sylvestris among the 5 sites were quiet different from each other, but all showed 2 growth seasons in a year. Elaeocarpus sylvestris began blossoming at the end of the leave-expansion period. An abnormal flowering (2nd time) phenomenon in 1994 was recorded in both the Fushan and Hengchun areas.