1984A/G adrenomedullin (rs3814700) gene polymorphism: can it be responsible for unexplained recurrent early pregnancy loss?

Burcu Artunc Ulkumen,Sirri Cam,Burak Batir,H Gursoy Pala,Fatma Eskicioglu,Safiye Ulucay

doi:10.17546/msd.32977

Burcu Artunc Ulkumen, Sirri Cam + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.17546/msd.32977

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Abstract

Objective: The etiology of recurrent miscarriage (RM) is heterogeneous and the current data cannot be able to cover all the aspects of RM. Adrenomedulline (ADM) has been very popular with the discovery of vital functions in maintaining an uneventful pregnancy. Idiopathic RM may result due to defective placentation and implantation process associated with altered ADM function and levels. So, we hypothesized that increased ADM gene polymorphism could play a role in idiopathic RM cases Methods: This prospective case-control study consisted of 60 women; 30 of whom had three consecutive pregnancy losses, who admitted to the outpatient clinic of department of obstetrics and gynecology or department of genetic at our tertiary center. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the frequency of genotypes and alleles of –1984A>G ADM (rs3814700) gene polymorphism was examined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) method Results: The mean ages were 29.36±6.22 and 32.15±5.43 in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.314). For -1984A>G polymorphism, the frequency of A allele was 91.7% and 93.3% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.72). The frequency of G allele was 8.3% and 6.7% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.72). Regarding the incidence of genotype; AA genotype was 83.3% and 86.7% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.71). AG genotype was 16.7% and 13.3% in RM and control group, respectively (p=0.71). Conclusions: -1984A>G ADM gene polymorphism does not seem to be associated with idiopathic RM

Highlights

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 22 gestational weeks [1]
Recent studies have showed that adrenomedullin (ADM) was important in angiogenesis, extracellular cytotrophoblast migration and placentation [7, 8]
*Corresponding Author: Burcu Artunc Ulkumen E-mail: artunc.burcu@gmail.com hypothesized that ADM gene polymorphism could play a role in idiopathic RM cases and we aimed to investigate the frequency of ADM -1984A>G polymorphism in idiopathic RM cases

Summary

Introduction

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is three or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 22 gestational weeks [1]. The prevalence is approximately 0.8-1.4%, if only clinical RM (evidence of pregnancy with ultrasonographic and histologic findings) is taken into account; the prevalence is 2-3%, if biochemical losses (urinary HCG positivity with no evidence of sonographic or histologic endometrial findings) are taken into consideration [2]. Due to exaggerated oxidative stress, uterine natural killer cells via increased angiogenesis during the implantation period have been thought as a cause for idiopathic RM [6]. The normal physiological maternal adaptation to the pregnancy occurs with the increased serum ADM levels [8]. In compromised pregnancies such as preeclampsia –a result of defective placentation-, the increase in ADM levels does not occur [8]

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