1980-2018年浑善达克地区防风固沙服务时空变化及其驱动因素

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 1980-2018年浑善达克地区防风固沙服务时空变化及其驱动因素 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202110122880 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41971272） Spatiotemporal dynamics and drivers of wind erosion prevention service in Otindag from 1980 to 2018 Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:防风固沙服务是干旱半干旱地区生态系统提供的最重要的防护型服务，对风蚀地区及周边区域的生态环境安全具有重要意义。基于修正的土壤风蚀方程（RWEQ）模型模拟了1980-2018年浑善达克地区防风固沙服务的时空变化，利用地理探测器分析了包括数值和类型变量的自然与社会经济因素对该区防风固沙服务空间格局的影响及交互作用。研究结果显示：（1）1980-2018年，单位面积防风固沙量波动下降，2015年单位面积防风固沙量最小，为13.01 kg/m2。同时，防风固沙保有率波动增加，2018年保有率达到最大值，为94.28%；（2）土壤类型、年末牲畜数量、年降水量与人工造林面积是影响防风固沙服务空间变化的主要因素，其中，土壤类型对防风固沙服务空间变化的影响最大，q值为75.15%；（3）各驱动因素间的交互作用都会放大单因子对浑善达克地区防风固沙服务空间分布的影响。其中，年均温对防风固沙服务空间分布变化具有较强的间接影响。因此，在土壤类型、年均温的间接作用下，1980-2018年浑善达克重点生态功能区防风固沙能力整体提高、风蚀程度有所缓解与年均风速、年降水量变化，以及2000年之后京津风沙源工程引起的人工造林面积、年末牲畜数量的空间分布格局变化有密切关系。 Abstract:Wind erosion prevention service (WEPS) is a kind of protection services provided by ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions, which is critical for protecting the ecological environment security of the soil erosion area and the surrounding area. Based on the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) model, this study simulated the spatiotemporal dynamics change of the WEPS and the soil retention rate. Then we used the Geodetector to analyze the independent contribution of natural and socio-economic factors including numerical variables and type variables to the spatial distribution of the WEPS. Also including the influence of the interaction between these factors on the spatial pattern of the WEPS in Otindag from 1980 to 2018. The results indicated that (1) from 1980 to 2018, the wind speed decline in the Otindag area, the implementation of eco-restoration policies such as area rotation grazing and grassland reseeding, combined with climate change suitable for vegetation growth, had improved the overall service capacity of the WEPS. The amount of wind erosion prevention per unit area decreased in fluctuations which was the minimum in 2015, with the number of 13.01 kg/m2. At the same time, the average soil retention rate increased in fluctuations and reached a maximum in 2018 which was 94.28%; (2) The soil type, the number of livestock at the end of the year, the annual precipitation and the area of artificial afforestation were the main factors affecting the spatial distribution pattern of WEPS. When the above driving factors were in the Skeletol primitive soils, 52.84-86.86 million heads, 404.21 mm, and 5167 hm2 respectively, the corresponding average amount of wind erosion prevention per unit area were the largest. Among them, the soil type played the most important role and its q value was 75.15%, while the q value of the number of livestock at the end of the year, the annual precipitation and the area of artificial afforestation were 25.20%, 24.16% and 21.11% respectively; (3) The interaction between the driving factors would amplify the impact of a single factor on the spatial distribution of WEPS in the Otindag. Among which, the interaction between soil type and other factors had a greater impact on the spatial changes of the WEPS than any single factor. Thus, the soil type became the most critical factor influencing the spatial distribution of the WEPS. On the other hands, even though the q value of average temperature was not as high as the soil type, it still made a significant difference on the WEPS spatial distribution because temperature could change the pattern of other driving factors. that could produce strongly indirect impact on the spatial distribution of WEPS. Therefore, under the effects of soil type and annual average temperature, the improvement of WEPS and the mitigation of the degree in wind erosion is closely related to the changes of annual average wind speed, precipitation and the spatial distribution change of other factors, such as the artificial afforestation area and the livestock at the end of year which are caused by the Ecological Protection and Construction Project on WEPS in Beijing-Tianjin area since 2000. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献