1950년대 중국의 제도화된 ‘五四紀念’과 ‘新5·4운동’

Abstract

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 In this paper I looked at how the ‘May 4th Day’ executed in the 1950"s after the founding of the People"s Republic of China. In December 1949, the ‘May 4th’ was officially established as a national memory day. It happened 30 years after the May 4th Movement. In addition, guidelines for national supervision of the ‘May 4th Day’ have been issued almost every year. It specifically supported the institutionalized ‘May 4th Day.’ Since then, Youth Day has held a grand celebration every 10 years, in the middle, the celebrations were relatively small each year. This pattern has been established and continues to this day. This has changed considerably compared to the period of the Republic of China. At that time, the activities of the ‘May 4th Day’ were largely suppressed, but it was not until the establishment of the People"s Republic of China that the ‘May 4th Day’ was institutionalized and organized by state power. Based on the institutionalization as above, the activities of the ‘May 4th Day’ were carried out regularly throughout the 1950s. A striking feature of the ‘May 4th Day’ in the 1950s is that political messages have been strongly transmitted from above to the ‘May 4th Day’ every year. Every year, major events or pending issues have been featured in the ‘May 4th Day’ as a political message. The political message above was not related to the May 4th Movement or the student class. So I will call this feature ‘the politicization of the May 4th Day given from above.’ In reality, however, there was a certain difference between the political power and the masses of students in recognizing the important values of the May 4th, such as democracy and science, freedom and equality. This was evident in the ‘May 19th Movement’ which were initiated by students at Beijing University during the ‘Hundred Flowers Campaign’ in 1957 and the ‘Anti-Rightist Campaign’ suppressed it. In the end, students" demands for ‘true socialism’ or ‘socialist democracy’ are soon suppressed by Anti-Rightist Campaign. This leads to ‘extreme left conservatism’ such as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. The ‘socialist democracy’ that students claimed in 1957 is an ideological legacy to be restored and referenced for political reform in China. It is also an ideological legacy that we should not be wiped out. Now remembering and restoring the ideological legacy of 1957 is very important for the commemoration of ‘May 4th.’ #중화인민공화국 #중국공산당 #‘5·4 기념’ #5·4운동 #5·19운동 #‘백화제방 백강쟁명’ #정풍운동 #반우파투쟁 #中华人民共和国 #中国共产党 #‘五四’纪念’ #五四运动 #五·一九运动 #‘百花齐放百家争鸣’整风运动 #反右派斗争 #People"s Republic of China #Communist Party of China #‘May 4th Day’ #May 4th Movement #May 19th Movement #Hundred Flowers Campaign #Anti-Rightist Campaign Ⅰ. 머리말Ⅱ. ‘오사기념’의 제도화와 정치화 : ‘오사기념’의 연대기Ⅲ. ‘新5·4운동’과 ‘사회주의 민주’ : 또 하나의 ‘오사기념’Ⅳ. 맺음말참고문헌Abstract