“唇齒相依”還是“政治聯姻”？－中朝同盟的建立及其延續(1946-1961)

Abstract

Mutual aid between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and North Korea in the wake of World War Ⅱ, especially the proposed Asian Communist Intelligence Bureau, formed the foundation of the Sino-Korean alliance. With Joseph Stalin's support, Kim Il-sung launched war against South Korea in 1950. In response, Mao Zedong decided to postpone the signing of the Sino-Korean alliance treaty. In order to end the war as soon as possible, Mao was anxious to dispatch Chinese troops to Korea. Kim was ambivalent and even rejected Mao's initial offer with the acquiescence of Moscow. Mao, however, was determined to fight the Americans regardless of whether the Soviets agreed. After China entered the war, Stalin sided with Mao on all major strategic issues, which made Kim feel slighted and alienated. After the end of the war, Kim went to considerable lengths to stress North Korea's independence and began to purge his opponents within the Korean Workers' Party. The CCP strongly disagreed with Kim's handling of the Yan-an faction, and this threatened to destroy their alliance. Mao, however, needed North Korea due to the increasing Sino-Soviet divergence following the Twentieth Congress of the Soviet Communist Party. He thus took a conciliatory stance toward Kim and even initiated the proposal to withdraw the Chinese troops from North Korea. Sino-North Korean relations thus improved, and the two parties signed a bilateral treaty in 1961. This article concludes that the Sino-North Korean relationship was far from the alliance of ”teeth and lips” portrayed in the propaganda of the day, but an unstable, conflict-ridden political marriage of convenience