德國在華軍事情報機關(1941-1945)

Abstract

China and Germany cooperated closely in military and economic matters during the 1930s; but, following Japan's invasion of China and the change of Hitler's policy toward China, the relationship between the two became muggy. Then, due to the outbreak of World War II, each of the belligerents put all of their forces into establishing informant nets in third countries and reinforcing their intelligence activities in military, politics and economy. To German intelligence, China-the centre of East Asia and the focus of the Western political and economic powers-not only possessed fine conditions for development, it provided an ideal area for intelligence activities. This article aims to explore the development and the espionage activity of German military intelligence in the framework of its national strategy during the world war in China, especially the espionage work conducted in the Japan-occupied China after 1941. Even though in 1941 Germany acknowledged that the puppet government of Wang Chin-Wei had caused the break of diplomatic relations with the Kuomintang regime, but not until Nationalist China's declaration of war on Germany in December of the same year effectively put their economic relationship at an end. However, the German military authorities saw China's strategic geographic position and unique status as one of the few countries that kept high level contact with England, United States, and Soviet Union. Germany thus used China as the base for its espionage activity in the Far East, especially for the gathering of military intelligence on the war in its Far East theater.