Abstract
Gus Arnold identified and recorded a number of ancestral Caddo sites during his 1939-1940 WPAsponsored archaeological survey of East Texas (Im 1975). The artifact collections at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL), especially the ceramic sherd assemblages since Arnold typically collected substantial sherd samples from plowed fields, have been recently documented from 10 sites in the Attoyac, Ayish, and Palo Gaucho bayou basins in San Augustine County (Perttula 2015a, 2016), sherds from the Jonas Short mound site (41SA101) in San Augustine County (Perttula and Walters 2016), and 13 Caddo sites in the Patroon, Palo Gaucho, and Housen bayous in Sabine County (Perttula 2015b). In this article, I continue with the ceramic sherd documentation effort, but I am concerned with the analysis of sherd collections from three Caddo sites in the Bayou La Nana, King Creek, and Bayou Loco drainages in Nacogdoches County, namely Hill Place (41NA5), J. B. Dorsey (41NA6), and Deshazo (41NA13) (Figure 1).
Highlights
The assemblages of Woodland period material culture remains from these two sites are not large, suggesting that the two sites may have been temporary encampments of huntinggathering peoples
Deshazo sites have much more substantial ancestral Caddo ceramic vessel sherd assemblages (Table 7), and they are the product of multi-year sedentary occupations by farming families
The relatively high Plain to Decorated sherd ratio (P/DR values of 1.10 and 1.37) and the relatively modest proportion of brushed vessel sherds (30.-39.5 percent) in the WPA ceramic vessel sherd assemblages from the Hill Place and Deshazo sites indicates that they are the product primarily of pre-A.D. 1300 Caddo occupations
Summary
Engraved curvilinear engraved lines curvilinear and opposed engraved lines, one line with excised tick marks diagonal engraved lines horizontal engraved lines horizontal and diagonal engraved lines parallel engraved lines parallel lines, one with excised tick marks and a cross-. Among the few incisedpunctated sherds (3.4 percent of the decorated sherd assemblage) is one body sherd with horizontal incised panels with a single row of tool punctations running down the center of the panels (Figure 2b). Another incised-punctated sherd with crescent-shaped punctations between horizontal incised lines is from a Weches Fingernail Impressed, var. Two other sherds (see Figure 2c-d) are not readily categorized, both have at least one engraved line with small excised tick marks. Including the brushed sherds in TARL’s bulk storage facility, 87 percent of the decorated sherds have brushed, brushed-appliqued (n=7), and brushed-punctated (n=9) decorative elements (Table 4). The brushed to plain sherd ratio for the assemblage is 3.30, and the brushed to other wet paste sherds ratio is 10.1
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