1930年代朝鮮における小作立法と小作争議

Abstract

In this paper, I attempt to examine the changes in peasantry movement and landlord-tenant relationships in chosun bollowing the tenant legislation of ‘Tenancy Arbitiration Law’ (1933), and ‘Farmland Law’ (1934), by a case study of Jeonbuk province.The conclusion is as follows: Firstly, after the enforcement of the ‘Tenancy Arbitiration Law’ tenancy disputes increased rapidly. Most of them demanded for change and economic betterment. Also the tenants who couldn't improve their lives took advantage of the law actively. In this regard, K. Asata and others' assertion is irrelevant which ascribes the general characteristics of peasntry movement in the period to the anti-Japanese Imperialism movement. Because on enactment of the law, the trend of tenancy disputes in search for the tenant's economic interests was contained within the range of a legal order. As a result the tenancy disputes increased rapidly in the late of 1930's. Thirdly, the ‘Farmland Law’ was prescribed for landlord-tenant relationship. In the operation process of Act, it restricted landlord's interests such that it became nesessary for landlords to change the contract term of tenancy arbitratedly. Nevertheless landlords could in practice, levy high rate of rent, owing to a loop-holes in the legislation. This means that the enactment of tenancy legislation, on the one hand, protected tenant farmers' cultivating rights in for landlords contract, but on the other hand guarantegd favorable rent.From this analysis, it is argued that the policy didn't essentially intend to destory the land-tenant system. The reconciled peasantry movement by the law aimed at uniting landlords and tenants through integration. This led to the formation of Japanese Fascism. At the same time, ‘Agrarian Reorgarnization Movement’ was tied up with Japanese Fascism Movement in Chosun.