1930년대 초 남경정부의 금본위제 도입 시도와 그 의미

Abstract

This paper is a study on the attempts to introduce the gold standard system during the Nanjing Government. From February 1, 1930 to August 19, 1948, the Nanjing Government implemented a system to collect tariffs in gold units. And through this, it was possible to keep the tax revenue relatively stable during the period when the monetary value was unstable. In the previous study, the influence of the Kemmerer Committee was posited by paying attention to the commonalities between “孫” and “海關金單位” in the monetary reform proposal submitted by the Committee. However, the tendency to approach it from a financial perspective was remarkable, and no concrete analysis was conducted on the nature of currency reform.<BR> In 1928, the Nanjing Government set the introduction of the gold standard as the final stage of monetary reform, and decided to implement “廢兩改元” as a preparatory stage. The reform policy decided at the 1928 Conference, despite differences in scope and degree, yielded a certain degree of achievement. However, in matters related to monetary reform, it is recognized that “廢兩改元” could not be initiated until 1933, when certain external conditions were established, while it was not implemented due to an unstable government.<BR> However, in the context of the collapse of the international gold block, “廢兩改元” could not be a preparatory stage for the introduction of the gold standard determined in 1928. Previous studies only mentioned that this could not be carried out in the aftermath of the Great Economic Depression, but there was no specific analysis on the issue of the introduction of the gold standard. This paper attempted to analyze this issue in reviewing the establishment and activities of the Kemmerer Committee.<BR> The monetary reform policy decided at the 1928 Conference led to a contact with Edwin Walter Kemmerer, a global gold standard money reform expert, in August 1928. The Kemmerer Committee, formed in February 1929, submitted proposals for monetary reform, “Project of Law for the Gradual Introduction of a Gold Standard Currency System in China together with a Report in Support thereof” and “Report on Project of Law for Placing Customs Duties on Imports rom abroad upon a Gold Basis”.<BR> This paper analyzed the topical reform of the gold standard through these reform proposals that were not noticed in previous studies. This analysis can explain the process of the Nanjing government