孫中山「大亞洲主義」在台灣的興起與發展概況(1924~1937)

Abstract

As early as the late 19th century, Japan had developed a Pan-Asianist discourse. However, Japanese visions of a union of Asian nations implicitly endorsed Japan's hegemony over Asia. In 1924, the Pan-Asianist vision outlined by Dr. Sun Yat-sen represented a critical alternative to Japanese Pan-Asianism and a challenge to Japanese imperialism in the region. Dr. Sun's ideal of emanacipation for national minorities found support in Taiwan, which was still under Japanese colonial rule. Japan experienced three waves of interest in Pan-Asianism which coincided with the First World War, America's passage of anti-Asian immigration legislation in 1924, and Japan's withdrawal from the League of Nations in 1933. While Taiwanese did not participate in the first wave, beginning in 1924 they attempted to discuss and even to oppose Japan's imperialist version of Pan-Asianism. While Pan-Asianism was used by Japan to promote Tokyo's imperialist ambitions, it also galvanized Taiwan's pursuit of national equality. As they engaged with the Japanese Pan-Asianist discourse, Taiwanese referenced Dr. Sun's Pan-Asian thought to advance their pursuit of national equality. However, as the world lurched again toward war, Dr. Sun's idealistic Pan-Asianism lost its appeal. By 1937, when Japan began forcibly implementing its imperialist plan to create a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, Dr. Sun's alternative Pan-Asian vision no longer provided a source of resistance for Taiwanese society.