1916年「黑人女性全國聯盟」接管「道格拉斯之家」動機之研究

Abstract

It is the work about the National Association of Colored Women took charge of the Douglass Home from the hand of the Frederick Douglass Memorial and Historical Association. At the same time, the United Daughters of the Confederacy initiated the re-explanation the role the South playing in the Civil War and kept the Confederate culture through the efforts of erecting the monuments, the memorials, and the improved textbooks of history. To face those challenges, the National Association of Colored Women chose to honor the Douglass Home as a response. This house fitted perfectly with the agenda for racial uplift of the National Association of Colored Women. Moreover, from the standpoint of collective memory, the National Association of Colored Women used this building for other tactics. They created Black indentify on their own terms. They used Douglass Home as the showcase to present the black prides and achievements, to demonstrate the progress and ability of the black community, to awaken the racial respectability and self-esteem, to urge the black history as a part of American history, and to prove the morality and ability of black women as the white women. To enhance the important historical meanings of Frederick Douglass, they not only emphasized Blacks' contributions to the Civil War, but also concreted Blacks' consciousness to highlight their differences from the whites. When the historical memory became the duty memory, personal memory was closely bound up to the racial memory. The National Association of Colored Women was both preservers and agents in all those processes.