Abstract
ABSTRACT In the aftermath of the Spanish-American War of 1898, the US strategic goal was to transform the Mexican Gulf and the Caribbean into an ‘American Mediterranean Sea’, to ensure its military and commercial hegemony. The opening of the interoceanic canal of Panama, which coincided with the outbreak of the Great War, promoted among Ibero-American elites the development of a new continental pan-nationalism inspired by Hispanism, in combination with an increasing and heterogeneous anti-imperialism. Concentrating on the years from 1898 to 1918, this paper will analyze the influence of those currents on Latin American intellectuals as a reaction to the transition from a traditional empire —Spain and its overseas colonies— to a new form of ‘imperialism’ embodied by the USA.
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