Abstract
Rice hull and rice straw are abundant lignocellulosic biomass. They are carbon-neutral renewable resources that can be converted into various value-added and environmentally friendly products, such as adsorbents, biofuels, and soil amendments. Biofuels, including bio-oil, bioethanol, syngas, and biogas, can be efficiently produced from rice hull and rice straw by using thermochemical and biochemical technologies, and the unreacted solid residues, the biochar, can be used for organic and inorganic contaminants adsorption, soil amendment, and carbon sequestration. Rice hull and rice straw are also used in various industrial applications, such as building materials, particle boards, insulation boards, human food and animal feed, cosmetics, medicines, biopolymers, and fine chemicals. The coproduction of biofuels and high-value biobased products is promising, because the latter will enhance the economy of lignocellulosic biorefineries.
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