19세기 영국의 중국차 인식과 차 시장의 변화

Abstract

This study aims to examine the perception of Chinese tea in Britain in and around the 19th century and its effect on the tea market. The findings are summarized as follows: First, in the 19th century, an error of judgment by the Chinese tea producers and immoral British tea merchants brought about the import of adulterated tea into Britain. In the wake of the abolition of the monopoly of the British East India Company, there was a widespread negative view of Chinese tea and China itself due to the lack of quarantine facilities and the outbreak of the Opium War. Second, to eradicate the import of adulterated tea, the British government introduced a new custom quarantine system, along with amendments. Scientific research and publications, and the advertising of tea by merchants, helped to improve consumer awareness regarding food safety and establish good tea standards. Third, after the discovery of tea trees in Assam in India, the tea industry in India and Sri Lanka grew and saw better productivity due to the invention of the tea rolling machine and tea drier. Advertisements promoting pureness gained the widespread trust of consumers, and the tea industry in both these countries surpassed China in the 1880s and led the global tea trade.