18O Exchange in the System of Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen and Nickel Oxide

This report describes research from September 29, 1990 through September 30, 1996, involving the development a novel Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic apparatus and method for measuring vapor - liquid equilibrium (VLE) systems of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide with aqueous alkanolamine solutions. The original apparatus was developed and modified as it was used to collect VLE data on acid gas systems. Vapor and liquid calibrations were performed for spectral measurements of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the vapor and in solution with aqueous diethanolamine (DEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). VLE measurements were made of systems of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in 20 wt % DEA at 50{degrees}C and 40{degrees}C. VLE measurements were made of systems of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in 50 wt% and 23 wt% MDEA at 40{degrees}C and in 23 wt% MDEA at 50{degrees}C. VLE measurements were made of systems of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in 35 wt% MDEA + 5 wt% DEA and in 35 wt% MDEA + 10 wt% DEA at 40{degrees}C and 50{degrees}C. Measurements were made of residual amounts of carbon dioxide in each VLE system. The new FTIR spectrometer is now a consistently working and performing apparatus.

Effect of heat treatment on the physico-chemical properties and catalytic activity of manganese nodules leached residue towards decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Nickel-iron catalyst for decomposition of methane to hydrogen and filamentous carbon: Effect of calcination and reaction temperatures

Influence of minor additions of MgO, TiO2 and Fe2O2 on BeO powders prepared by calcination of the hydroxide has been studied. Minor additions have no significant influence on the decomposition characteristics of beryllium hydroxide. Depending on the temperature of calcination, the minor additions have varying degree of influence on surface area, crystallite size, particle size and particle morphology. Reduction in surface area and increase in crystallite size with increase in calcination temperature were dependent on the type of the additive present. The crystallite size and particle size were of the same order of magnitude at lower calcination temperature. With increase in calcination temperature the particle growth was much more than the crystallite growth.

Zirconia as a support for catalysts: Evolution of the texture and structure on calcination in air

Selective oxidation of CO over CuO-CeO 2 catalyst: effect of calcination temperature

Studies on Indian Ocean Manganese Nodules PART 2. Physico-chemical Characteristics and Catalytic Activity of Heat-Treated Marine Manganese Nodules

The influence of calcination temperature on the optical, magnetic and capacitive properties of NiO nanocrystals prepared with gas–liquid diffusion method

Aqueous solutions of the polyoxyethylene nonionic amphiphiles have been extensively investigated at atmospheric pressure, but only a few data of nonionic amphiphile — carbon dioxide system are available at elevated pressures. Isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the binary ethylene glycol propyl ether (C3E1) — carbon dioxide system at 313.15 K, 323.15 K were measured at elevated pressures. We used two-phase circulating type equipment with a view cell. Modeling of the experimental data has been performed using the Peng-Robinson equation of state, statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT) and Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state.

This study provides a detailed report on the synthesis of spherical activated carbon with mesoporous structure using a soluble low molecular weight phenolic resol precursor through an ammonium alginate assisted sol–gel method. The effects of calcinating temperature and the addition of CaCO3 as a pore-enlarging agent on texture structure and catalytic performance in isobutane dehydrogenation to isobutene were investigated. Characterization of N2 sorption, mechanical strength tests, and optical photographs confirmed that the obtained carbon materials had high mechanical strength, a good degree of sphericity, and a large surface area. Introducing CaCO3 as a pore-enlarging agent during the preparation process promoted the formation of a mesoporous structure of carbon spheres and evidently increased the surface area and oxygen content, which can improve isobutane conversion and isobutene selectivity of these carbon spheres. The conversion of isobutane reached up to 28% for this spherical activated carbon, and the selectivity of isobutene reached up to 96%. Isobutane conversion increased with an increase in calcination temperature due to an increase in the oxygen content, whereas the selectivity of isobutene decreased due to the slight decrease in the specific surface area.

Analyzing the role of copper in the soot oxidation performance of BaMnO3-perovskite-based catalyst obtained by modified sol-gel synthesis

Effect of calcination temperature on characteristic properties of CaMoO4 nanoparticles

Hierarchical ZnO nanorods were synthesized via mild solvothermal approach followed by calcination at an elevated temperature of 450°C to induce surface defects. The defect induced nanostructures was utilized in resistive devices for ultrafast humidity sensing (30–90 % RH). Porosity and surface area of ZnO nanorods were seen to increase with increase in calcination temperature as evident from BET results (surface area of 450°C calcined sample ~55.45 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /g whereas for uncalcined sample ~38.63 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /g). The 450°C sample exhibited excellent humidity sensing specially at low RH (response ~3 times compared to uncalcined ZnO). The 450°C sample was attributed with faster response and recovery times (0.6 sand 4.2 s respectively) in comparison to uncalcined ZnO (1.3 sand 7.6 s respectively). The sensing performance was found to improve with increase in calcination temperature which was mostly due to the formation of oxygen vacancies as evident from photoluminescence spectroscopy (enhancement of peak at ~538 nm), A higher surface area coupled with increased oxygen vacancies was responsible for enhanced sensing performance of the calcined nanostructures. The sensor was found to be stable for 30 days. Thus, inducing defects onto the ZnO nanostructures leads to enhanced humidity sensing coupled with ultrafast response.

Effect of thermal treatment on the physico-chemical properties of bioactive hydroxyapatite derived from caprine bone bio-waste

The effects of the addition of rhodium to CeO2(70 wt%)-ZrO2 support on hydrogen reduction of the support have been studied. The effects change significantly with an increase in calcination temperature of the support. The lattice constant of CeO2-ZrO2 decreases with an increase in calcination temperature. The correlation curve between the lattice constant and calcination temperature as well as that between crystalline growth and calcination temperature has an inflection point at 900C. Thus, the structure of the CeO2-ZrO2 solid solutions depends on the calcination temperature. In particular, the structure changes significantly at 900CC and calcination at 900CCshows a maximum amount of surface oxygen-deficient sites catalyzing N2Odecomposition. Moreover, the reduction extent at 400C is directly proportional to rhodium concentration per unit surface area in addition to the considerable structure change of CeO2-ZrO2. Hence, the localization and/or aggregation effect of rhodium particles also contributes to the reduction creating surface oxygen vacancy.