18553 Dermatologic foes faced by mixed martial arts fighters

Abstract

Mixed martial arts (MMA) is one of the fastest growing sports worldwide. Dating back to Olympics of ancient Greece, it was originally referred to as pankration (pan and kratos referring to “all powers”). Training for MMA is an arduous process. While countless hours are spent on attaining skills to overcome in-ring challengers, MMA fighters cannot escape a different opponent-skin disorders resulting from the nature of their chosen sport. As a full contact sport, MMA fighters are at risk for a number of cutaneous disorders ranging from trauma to infections and dermatoses due to close contact and environmental causes. Most infections are minor; however, if not cared for appropriately they can lead to serious consequences. The most common cutaneous infections in MMA fighters are herpes simplex virus infections, skin and soft tissue bacterial infections and fungal dermatophyte infections. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is of great concern as the infection can spread rapidly. Contact dermatitis and other dermatoses are most often acquired from increased exposure to causative agents. Frequent and prolonged contact with irritants such as aldehydes, cleaning agents on mats, dyes, materials within grappling gloves and high-level of washing can induce contact dermatitis. Mechanical injuries such as friction burns, abrasions, and lacerations are also common. Due to the innate nature of the sport, cutaneous disorders will likely continue to plague MMA fighters. However preventative measures including workplace assessments, proper equipment and wound care and early use of appropriate antibiotics should be instituted to mitigate risks and serious consequences.