1836. Genomic Epidemiology of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Infection among US Army Trainees at Fort Benning, Georgia

Abstract

BackgroundMethicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) is a common cause of skin and soft-tissue infection (SSTI). MSSA genomic epidemiology data are limited. We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to examine MSSA strain diversity among military trainees, a group known to be at high risk for S. aureus infection and carriage.MethodsFrom July 2012 to December 2014, we conducted a prospective SSTI case–control study among US Army trainees at Fort Benning, GA. Thereafter, we identified MSSA SSTI clusters within select military training classes and performed WGS on clinical and colonizing isolates. We analyzed epidemiologic, clinical, genomic, and phylogenetic data in order to evaluate MSSA strain diversity and patterns of disease transmission.ResultsA total of 67 SSTI cases from 15 training classes were identified. The median (range) number of cases per class was 4 (3–10). Cases presented for care after a median of 39 (6–101) days of training. Of the 67 cases, 42 (63%) were colonized with MSSA at ≥1 anatomic site. A total of 78 MSSA colonizing isolates were identified at the time trainees presented for clinical care; colonizing isolates were found in the nares (37%), throat (31%), inguinal region (21%), and perianal region (12%). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) assigned 128 (88%) isolates to 20 known types and 17 isolates to novel types. Among clinical isolates, 60 (90%) were assigned to known types. Sequence Type (ST) 8 was the most frequent type, accounting for 45% and 35% of clinical and colonizing isolates, respectively. The phylogenetic tree of isolates revealed seven major clusters, some of which were composed of a diversity of training classes, specimen types, and STs. These major clusters were further segregated into 15 sub-clusters where there was considerable diversity in intrahost variation.ConclusionGenomic characterization of MSSA infection and colonization isolates among congregate military trainees revealed a broad diversity of strains. There was a clear clonal origin and dissemination of MSSA isolates among close contacts within the ST-8 cluster but this transmission pattern was less apparent for MSSAs from other STs.Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.