近代西方史學思潮變遷(1830-1980)

Abstract

The fundamental theories and methodology of all the research of historical sub-area originated from the thought of history in West. If we would find the status and causes of the historical research in Taiwan, it must be to inquire and analyze the progress of thought of historiography in West. The study used the historical research approach and document analysis method. The probe was focused on the change of the historical thought from 19(superscript th) to 20(superscript th) century, and some findings were found. Between the 19(superscript th) and 20(superscript th) century, there were two turns in the historical thought. In 19(superscript th) century, the objective and scientific thought were the mainstream of historical research in West. In the end of 19(superscript th) century and begin of 20(superscript th) century, the anti-objective and relative historical thought appeared and superseded the objective and scientific thought. In the middle of 20(superscript th) century, Annales School, Quantitative History, Psychohistory and New Narrative History were emerged, and the thought turn again to total and synthetic thought. The progress of historical research was not the linear development any more at this moment. The historical thought was changed from single and unique concept to multiple and diversified concept. In general, the old historical ideas or researches developed to the top, then someone who wanted to do something new or different would oppose. And the historical research would be to change.