Abstract
This chapter examines indications of geographical origin, which establishes a link between a certain geographical location and the goods originating from that location. That link allows the consumer to distinguish between identical or similar goods based on their geographical origin. The strength of the link varies between the different schemes and involves both human and natural elements. It is also important to realize that whilst similar to (collective) trade marks, indications of geographical origin are radically different as they are open standards. The chapter first looks at the position given to indications of geographical origin in the global and European IP systems. How did a historical practice develop into an exclusive right? And how is that exclusive right shaped and protected? It then focuses on the European system for the protection of indications of geographical origin.
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