Abstract
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) offer attractive high-energy efficiency and sustainable power density for large stationary electricity storage systems and are receiving increased attention in recent years. For the current drawbacks of perfluorosulfonic acid membrane, alternative sulfonated hydrocarbon-based composite PEMs are highly advantageous for VRFB applications because of their good proton conductivity and durability. The main emphasis of this chapter is to give an overview of advancements in the development of hydrocarbon-based composite PEMs containing the 2D graphene derivatives during the past decade. Unique combinations of physicochemical properties, excellent stability, and outstanding VRFB performance offered by graphene/polymer composite membranes are highlighted. The challenges facing the high performance PEMs and the tailored characteristics of GO functionality are also discussed.
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