18 - Effects of high temperature and ultraviolet radiation on polymer composites

Abstract

The exposure of polymeric materials to high temperature and ultraviolet (UV) radiation leads to deterioration of their properties and they may become unsuitable for their intended applications. Exposure to elevated temperatures can cause short-term physical changes or long-term chemical changes in the polymer materials. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation will lead to discoloration and loss of mechanical properties of polymers. Due to these limitations, polymer composite materials were developed: incorporation of various nanoparticles, additives, and fillers in polymer materials with chemical and enzymatic treatments has improved the thermal resistance properties of polymers. Nanomaterials, UV absorbers, and UV stabilizers are generally added to polymer matrices to improve the UV-resistant properties of composite materials. These polymer composites are increasingly used in applications such as the aerospace industry, high-temperature polymer fuel cells, and electric insulation systems due to their high strength, durability compared to weight, and ability to withstand high temperatures. Typical applications of UV-resistant polymer composites are outdoor insulations, coatings, and architectural products. This chapter provides an overview of the applications of polymer composites that are resistant to UV and high temperatures, the effects of UV and high temperature on their properties, and the methods used to improve the temperature resistance properties of polymer composites.