Abstract
Retinol (ROL), the criterion standard in reducing the appearance of aging, helps to clinically delay and reduce the signs of skin aging. ROL helps stimulate collagen and elastin production among many skin benefits through a retinoic-acid-mediated transcriptional activation. In addition to a classic ligand-dependent transcriptional activation, recent studies suggest that epigenetic regulation through microRNAs (miRNAs), specific inhibitors of targeted gene translation, may also play a role in the regulation of skin aging. However, no studies demonstrated ROL’s rejuvenating skin benefits could be also associated with epigenetic regulation of miRNAs in human skin. Studies were conducted to discover whether ROL’s support in the stimulation of anti-aging biomarkers collagen and elastin could be associated with epigenetic changes in miRNA expression in human skin cells. Human adult fibroblasts were treated with either ROL or ROL complex (a proprietary discovered combination enhancing ROL activity) for up to 72 hours. mRNA, miRNA, and protein expressions were evaluated. ROL and ROL complex helped induce ELN gene expression and type I collagen protein production. Concomitantly, ROL and ROL complex also caused epigenetic changes by reducing the expression of multiple miRNAs known to inhibit collagen and elastin genes expression. Thus, ROL may also exert its rejuvenating skin benefits through epigenetic regulation of both collagen and elastin that supports increases of extracellular matrix proteins. In conclusion, ROL and ROL complex may exert anti-aging skin benefits through a pleiotropic mode of action, uncovering epigenetics as an additional mechanism to explain and enhance its benefits.
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