Abstract
Background: S-1 and pemetrexed (PEM) are key treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PEM and cisplatin (CDDP), showed superior overall survival (OS) compared with gemcitabine and CDDP in treating non-squamous (non-Sq) NSCLC patients, and PEM and platinum treatment is usually used for this population (1). S-1 monotherapy showed non-inferior OS compared with docetaxel in treated NSCLC patients, and is also used for NSCLC as a standard therapy after first line treatment (2). However, the mechanism of anticancer activity of S-1 and PEM is similar.
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