栽植期與催花期對鳳梨「台農17號」果實生育及品質之影響

Abstract

Environment and horticultural practices critically influence the growth, development, and quality of fruit. However, effects of planting time and flower forcing on fruit production of certain pineapple cultivars are poorly understood. This study was to explore the best planting timings for pineapple 'Tainung No.17' that can be harvested in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Seedlings were planted in December 2009 and March 2010. Some plants were natural flowering to produce fruit and others were treated with flower forcing in September and November of 2010 and May 2011. Results showed that plants treated with flower forcing reached a flowering rate of more than 90%. The natural flowering plants had a fruit setting rate of more than 90% in the year 2011. Inhibition of natural flowering occurred during the winter. In Nantou County of Taiwan, pineapple planted in winter treated with 200 mg L^(-1) of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) plus 0.067% (V/V) of surfactant reached maturity in autumn the next year. Such a practice was applied every 14 days for 7 times, during the period from 4 November 2010 to 27 January 2011, and then treated with flower forcing in May. As such, fruit can be harvested in September with guaranteed quality. Results showed that the timing of flower forcing affected the duration of fruit ripening but not on plant size. The total soluble solids and titratable acidity were affected by seasonal temperature changes.