Abstract
In recent years, hydrogen has attracted considerable attention as an energy carrier useful for various applications, particularly, for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). PEMFCs need high-purity hydrogen as a feeding fuel, which indicates some limitations concerning transportation and storage. To overcome this problem, the in situ hydrogen production has been considered using different suitable fuels. Currently, among different fuels, biomass-derived oxygenates are an interesting hydrogen source because they are liquid under ambient conditions, a lower reforming temperature (200–300°C) is needed, and they can reduce atmospheric pollution, especially the emission of greenhouse gases. The state of the art in the scientific literature on hydrogen production via the reforming reaction of biomass is mainly devoted to the use of conventional reactors (CRs). Therefore, the main purpose of this chapter is to analyze and investigate the performance of membrane reactors (MRs) for hydrogen production from a biomass-derived oxygenate such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, and glycerol. Furthermore, the benefits and drawbacks of MR systems are described as a mature technology compared with CRs.
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