Abstract
This chapter describes various features of memory chips and digital devices. A decoder circuit is a small gate circuit that is able to switch on the appropriate row and column when fed with the address of the location. The maximum number of locations that can be addressed depends on the number of bits in the address. Random Access Memory (RAM) chips can be designed in two different forms called static RAM (SRAM) and dynamic RAM (DRAM). Static RAMs are the normal line of bistables. The problem with the flip-flop is that it draws current all the time because one of the two transistors in the totem-pole output stage passes current all the time. To prevent any interference with the operation of the microprocessor system, the refreshing is done in the background whenever the DRAM is not being used. All Read Only Memories (ROMs) are used to store information on a more-or-less permanent basis. In use, the ROM can be read but new information cannot be stored in it.
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