Abstract
In the late 17th century, having obtained information on the battles between Russia, the Mongols, and the Qing, the court of Joseon predicted the defeat of the Qing and the resulting security crisis in the northern frontier region of Joseon. In response, King Sukjong tried to reinforce Namhan and Bukhan Mountain fortresses and Ganghwa Island, and promote the training of military officers through Royal Military Inspection (Yeolmu) and Royal Military Examination (Guanmujae). During the reign of King Sukjong, these special military inspections and military examinations attended by the king were concentrated during the wars between Russia, the Mongols and the Qing. King Sukjong attempted to increase the military readiness and enhance the bond and loyalty of the army through direct contact with military officers. Yeolmu and Guanmujae were effective ways to increase King Sukjong’s dignity by reaffirming his command while building trust between the king and his military officers.
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