Abstract
The rhizomicrobiome is composed of microbes that live in association with plant roots. From nutrient cycling to carbon sequestration, soil microorganisms have provided a solid base for natural and agricultural ecosystems to function. The relationship between plant roots and soil microorganisms is especially relevant in food staples such as rice (Oryza sativa L.), as the various properties of these microbes can influence crop yield and plant health, thereby affecting a major portion of the food supply for an ever-growing world population. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis to investigate the impact of crop rotation and soil cultivation methods (no-till or tillage) on rhizosphere bacterial diversity and composition in eight crop fields in Arkansas. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed 56 Phyla, with four major Phyla: Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Soil microbial communities in the samples studied were phylogenetically diverse but with a stable community structure. Crop rotation and tillage did not significantly affect bacterial diversity.
Highlights
Published: 17 January 2022Soil microbial communities are the drivers of many ecological functions [1,2], can affect plant species diversity and productivity [3], and are a crucial component of agricultural systems
We investigated the impact of crop type (no rotation and rotation) and soil cultivation methods on rhizosphere bacterial diversity and composition in eight crop fields in Arkansas using 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis
Among 221,105 detected operational taxonomic units (OTUs), we considered 170,853 OTUs associated with bacteria
Summary
Soil microbial communities are the drivers of many ecological functions [1,2], can affect plant species diversity and productivity [3], and are a crucial component of agricultural systems. Over 99% of microbes are not amenable for cultivation in a laboratory setting [5]. Nowadays, such limitation can be circumvented with metagenomics—a technique that allows the identification of microbes directly from environmental samples. In this way, multiple genomes can be analyzed simultaneously by extracting the DNA from all the microorganisms found in a sample of interest [6]. We investigated the impact of crop type (no rotation (rice monoculture) and rotation (with or without rice in the rotation)) and soil cultivation methods (no-till or tillage) on rhizosphere bacterial diversity and composition in eight crop fields in Arkansas using 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis
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