16S rDNA analysis of periodontal plaque in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and periodontitis patients

Xingwen Wu,Jiazhen Chen,Meng Xu,Danting Zhu,Xuyang Wang,Yulin Chen,Jing Wu,Chenghao Cui,Wenhong Zhang,Liying Yu

doi:10.1080/20002297.2017.1324725

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study investigated if chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated with periodontitis via periodontal microbiota and if certain bacteria affect periodontitis as well as COPD. Moreover, the study investigated whether suffering from COPD is associated with a decrease in the richness and diversity of periodontal microbiota. Subgingival plaque was obtained from 105 patients. Bacterial DNA was isolated from 55 COPD and 50 non-COPD participants (either with or without periodontitis). 16S rRNA gene metagenomic sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota and to determine taxonomic classification. In the non-periodontitis patients, suffering from COPD resulted in a decrease in bacteria richness and diversity in the periodontal microenvironment. An increase in the genera Dysgonomonas, Desulfobulbus, and Catonella and in four species (Porphyromonas endodontalis, Dysgonomonas wimpennyi, Catonella morbi, and Prevotella intermedia) in both COPD and periodontitis patients suggests that an increase in these periodontitis-associated microbiota may be related to COPD. Three genera (Johnsonella, Campylobacter, and Oribacterium) were associated with COPD but not with periodontitis. The decrease in the genera Arcanobacterium, Oribacterium, and Streptomyces in COPD patients implies that these genera may be health-associated genera, and the decrease in these genera may be related to disease. These data support the hypothesis that COPD is correlated with periodontitis via these significantly changed specific bacteria.

Highlights

Chronic periodontitis is a common oral disease, with symptoms ranging from gingival bleeding and clinic attachment loss to periodontal abscess and even tooth loss
This result was similar to observations from previous studies [27], indicating the dominant microbiota in periodontal patients was relatively stable in diverse populations, and strengthened the reliability of the data sampling periodontal tissue in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients
The genera Dysgonomonas, Desulfobulbus, and Catonella, as well as P. intermedia, P. endodontalis, D. wimpennyi, and C. morbi, were more abundant in COPD patients than they were in non-COPD patients

Summary

Introduction

Chronic periodontitis is a common oral disease, with symptoms ranging from gingival bleeding and clinic attachment loss to periodontal abscess and even tooth loss. Recent research has established that periodontal infection is a probable risk factor for diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, stroke, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and respiratory disorders including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1]. COPD can be characterized by progressive deterioration of pulmonary function and increasing airway obstruction, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Accumulating evidence suggests that oral disorders, periodontal disease, may influence the course of respiratory infections such as bacterial pneumonia and COPD [2,3]. Periodontitis is positively associated with COPD [4], and periodontal probe depth is identified as a significant and independent risk factor for COPD [5]. Treating periodontitis in COPD patients resulted in higher measurements of lung function and lower frequencies of COPD exacerbation up to 2 years after receiving standard periodontal treatment [6]

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Conclusion