Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have greatly changed the current treatment status of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) and are approved to be used in the first-line setting of ES-SCLC. However. treatment choices in second line or above in ES-SCLC setting remains limited. Hence, the present retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ICIs plus anti-VEGF/VEGFR agents in ES-SCLC patients in the second line or later setting, and preliminarily explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in ES-SCLC.

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