Abstract
This chapter provides the recent research on the proteoglycans. Much of the early work on proteoglycan structure was done using cartilage as a model system. Initial experiments used high-speed homogenization of cartilage in water or weak salt solutions to extract proteoglycans. These were purified by a sequence of centrifugation steps, in principle, a differential sedimentation approach. These studied high-molecular-weight components having comparatively high protein contents corresponding to what is currently known as proteoglycan aggregates and monomers. A prominent problem encountered in the early work was low extraction yield, although the procedure often used high shear. Furthermore, the preparations contained contaminating proteins not related to the proteoglycans. It also showed that a high degree of purity could be achieved by combining this extraction procedure with purification by sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation in CsCl gradients. This chapter also discusses large aggregating proteoglycans from cartilage.
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